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????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??????/ ????? ?? ??? 2016 ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????: "?LLEGA LA ONU!" ("????? ??????? ?????!"). ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? "????" (FARC-EP). ??????? ?????? ??? "????" ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????.

?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????. ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? 40 ?????. ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2012. ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????.

??? ????? ???????????¹ ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? (UNHCR) ??????? ??????? ??????? (WFP) ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? (????????) ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? (OHCHR) ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ¡ª?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????¡ª ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? (UNDP) ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???????.

?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ??????? ???????? ???? "El Cagu¨¢n" (1999-2002)? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????. ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????. ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????. ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? 4 ?????? ????.²

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??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????. ?? ???? 2012 ?2013? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????.

??? ??????? ?????? ???? 2014 ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????. ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????.

?? ??? 2013? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????. ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????.⁴

??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????. ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? "Respira Paz" (???? ??????) ??????? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????.

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???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ?????? ?? 19 ????? ??????/ ????? 2016? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.

?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ????? ??????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????.

???????:

¹  ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? 1950 ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (IOM) ?? ??? 1956? ??????? ??????? ??????? (WFP) ?? ??? 1969? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? (UNDP) ?? ??? 1974? ?????? ??????? ???????? (?????) ?? ??? 1977? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? (UNODC) ?? ??? 1985? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? (OHCHR) ?? ??? 1996? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? (UNHCR) ?? ??? 1999. ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? 26 ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? 2300 ???? ?? 24 ?????? ?? ??? 32 ?????? ?? ??????.

²  ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????. ???? ??? ?????? ??????:

³  ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????.

⁴  ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????????.

????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????.